Beagle Intern

Linux Live USB Creator

2010-04-08T10:51:00.000-07:00

Linux Live USB Creator
This is a free software for windows that allows you to create a bootable Live USB key with linux on it.
This will enable an user to use linux in any windows PC without the need of installation or configuration changes by using automatic virtualization.

In order to configure beagle board using linux, this can prove useful. Linux can be run on any windows PC, just by inserting the USB flash drive. With the above setup, beagle board can be configured at places where one does not have his own PC.

In most cases, it is more efficient to use Linux in order to configure the beagle board. For example, if someone wants to make changes to the boot files, linux can prove useful. Also, the problem found with windows is that it only mounts the boot partition of the SD card. So, if someone wants to make changes in the ext3 partition, linux can prove useful.

Paparazzi Autopilot System for RC Airplanes

2010-03-11T09:58:00.000-08:00

Paparazzi Autopilot System by paparazzi project
http://moreproductive.org/autopilot/
Paparazzi is an open source project in order to create an autopilot system for RC model airplanes in an attempt to make it easy and affordable for all.

This autopilot system uses Linux platform which enables the use of Beagle Board. Using Beagle Board is an affordable solution for autopilot systems used in RC airplanes. Since Beagle Board is a computer, it can be used to carry out a bunch of different operations such as attitude control, altitude control, airspeed control. Also, sonars equipped with USB data transfer facilities can be used in order to detect obstacles and navigate accordingly.

Autopilot System needs a processor, RAM, DSP. Beagle board has it all. Also, beagle board is relatively smaller, fanless, lighter processor. Use of SD card on the beagle board can enable a user to switch SD cards in order to switch different flying modes if the system is not using a ground station.
The above picture has the components used in the Paparazzi Autopilot System for RC Airplanes.

Voltage regulator
Servo Controller along with Futaba 2.4 Ghz 6 ch receiver
Beagle board with the source code on the SD card
GPS receiver with sparkfun FTDI adapter for ppm to USB conversion
Xbee Pro 2.4 Ghz modem with Xbee Explorer adapter.

Additional Sensors can also be added such as attitude sensor, airspeed sensor, altitude sensor, thermocouple.

The diagram below shows the schematics for this system.

Android Demo

2010-03-02T09:55:00.000-08:00

In the above video, Android uses Nokia E51 as a USB GSM/GPRS modem. Using Nokia E51 as a USB modem enables the beagle board to have GSM and GPRS network access. This modifications turns the beagle board into a cell phone device with cell phone functions such as text messaging.

In the above video, Android uses Network PacketSniffer application by using a USB ethernet adapter. This will enable a user to search for packets over the internet.

NOTE: the above videos are posted by youtube user "divinekumar"
http://www.youtube.com/user/divinekumar

More information about Android Demo:
http://beagleintern.blogspot.com/2010/01/android-by-embilinux.html

Practical Labs with Beagle Board

2010-02-22T10:00:00.000-08:00

http://free-electrons.com/blog/beagle-labs/
The above link has information about doing practical labs with beagle board. This link has valuable information for beagle board users.

This lecture slides are also useful in order to learn about building your own file system, boot loader for beagle board from scratch.

Stand-Alone Demos

2010-02-18T11:38:00.000-08:00

Stand-Alone Demos can boot on any beagle board without even setting the NAND. Any SD card demo can be made Stand-Alone using a custom boot.scr file. Using this boot.scr file will enable an user to boot a demo on any beagle board without even setting the environment variables or NAND. Custom boot.scr file can also work with empty NAND.

Custom boot.scr file

In order to make custom boot.scr file you need:
1) mkimage
$ sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage
2) vim text editor

Procedure:
1) create an empty text file.
2) type the format for boot.scr file in the empty text file:

NOTE: see below in Text File Format:

3) once the text file is made run this mkimage command: $ mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n 'Execute uImage.bin' -d name of the text file boot.scr
NOTE: this will create an executable file named "boot.scr"
4) Insert the SD card and mount the fat partition
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/card
NOTE: in some versions of linux, sdb1 might be sdc1.
In order to check type $ cat /proc/partitions and look at the second last line.
5) copy the boot.scr file in the fat partition of the SD card
6) Unmount the fat partition
$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1
7) insert the SD card in the beagle board
8) hold the user button while powering on the bb
NOTE: user button is the near the SD card slot. It is towards the end of the board.
9) enjoy your Stand-Alone Demo ! ! !

Text File Format:
NOTE: This is a Shell Script Format: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_scripting
if fatload mmc 0 0xboot address uImage
then
setenv bootargs 'environment variables'
echo ***** stand-alone demo *****
fi
bootm 0xboot address

NOTE: There has to be a space before setenv & echo
NOTE: The line "echo" above is optional. This line prints information on the screen. for example, the above line prints "***** stand-alone demo *****" on the screen.
NOTE: environment variables and boot address depends on a particular demo.
EXAMPLE: if bootcmd is "setenv bootcmd 'mmc init; fatload mmc 0 0x80300000 uImage; bootm 0x80300000'"
then the bootaddress will be 80300000.
Bootargs EXAMPLE: setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait omap.dssmode=dvi:1024x768-16@60'

Additional Resources:

http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard/browse_thread/thread/e97fb9895c09a98c

Instructions regarding partitioning the SD card:
http://www.sakoman.com/OMAP3/preparing-a-bootable-sd-card.html

Demo images of Gnome can be found here:
http://www.sakoman.com/component/option,com_phocadownload/Itemid,60/view,sections/

Other OMAP3530 Processors

2010-02-09T10:51:00.001-08:00

Embest DevKit8000 Evaluation Board
http://armkits.com/Product/devkit8000.asp

Dimensions: 110mm x 95mm
Working temperature: 0°C to 70°C
Processor: TI OMAP3530 microprocessor with 600MHz ARM Cortex-A8 RISC Core
Power supply: +5V
128MB DDR SDRAM, 166MHz
128MB NAND Flash, 16bit
LCD/Touch Screen interface (50-pin FPC connector, support resolution up to 2048*2048, optional VGA8000 module can connect via LCD interface)
DVI high-resolution image output port (HDMI interface, support 720p, 30fps signal)
S-Video display interface
One audio input interface (3.5mm audio jack)
One 2-channel audio output interface (3.5mm audio jack)
One 10/100M Ethernet interface (RJ45)
One High-speed USB2.0 OTG port (Mini USB type interface)
One High-speed USB2.0 Host port (USB A type interface)
Two serial ports (one 3-wire RS232 serial port led out from 2.54mm 10-pin connector and one 5-wire TTL serial port led out from expansion connector)
SD/MMC interface (supports 3.3V and 1.8V logic voltage)
One camera interface (30-pin FPC connector, support CCD or CMOS camera, support analog camera module CAM8000-A for option)
6*6 keyboard interface
One 14-pin Jtag interface
Four buttons (Reset, Boot, User defined, On/Off)
One expansion connector (2.0mm 40-pin SMT Female Pin Header, McSPI, McBSP, I2C, HDQ, GPIO are led out from this connector)
Supports USB WiFi through WF8000-U module
Supports GPS function through GPS8000-S module
Supports GPRS function through GPRS8000-S module
Support 3G function through CDMA8000-U module (CDMA2000 standard)

This particular board is user friendly since it has LCD touch screen interface. Also additional modules such as GPS, GPRS, 3G, USB WiFi make networking mobile on this board. This board also has Ethernet 10/100M interface, which does not require USB in order to access the internet.

TechNexion - Thunder
http://www.technexion.com/index.php/thunderpack

4.3" touch enabled display 480 * 272 pixels resolution 128 MB Low power mobile DDR 256 MB NAND Flash Wireless LAN 802.11b/g USB, LAN, G-sensor, RF interface, audio and battery management
This board has wireless LAN, which is a very useful tool in order to acess the network without LAN cable. Also G-sensor on this board can prove very useful in gaming applications.

TechNexion - Inferno Interface Board for TAO-3530 Series
http://www.technexion.com/index.php/inferno

1 mini-USB hosts
1 mini-USB device / OTG
SD card slot
Stereo audio in/out 3.5 mm
2W aplified speakers (L/R)
S-video connector
DVI-D signal by HDMI connector
SPI, RS-232, UART, I₂C, GPIO

This board is like a media center for TAO-3530 system modules. This board has USB ports, SD card slot, Speakers, S-video connector, HDMI connector, spare GPIOs. This can enables a user to play applications which require some sort of display.

TechNexion - TAO-3530 System Module
http://www.technexion.com/index.php/tao-3530

128 MB Low power mobile DDR
256 MB NAND Flash
Marvell 8686 802.11b/g
Two 100 pin NAIS connectors
SPI, UART, USB HS, USB OTG,
I₂C, PWM lines, 1-wire, MMC lines,
A/D lines, camera, audio in/out,
S-Video, LCD interface

This board has about the same capabilities as the Beagle Board except with an additional 802.11b/g wireless module. This particular module can be used in order to enable the board to get access to a nearby wireless network.

Video Wall FOSDEM 2010

2010-02-09T10:43:00.000-08:00

The above video-wall consists of 6 19" LCD screens controlled by 6 beagle boards working simultaneously. The video is divided into 6 tiles.
Using 6 beagle boards divides the work done by each board by 1/6. This helps the beagle boards decode a video stream in real-time.
The video stream is 1080p.
Additional Information can be found here:
http://hardwarebug.org/2010/02/10/1080p-video-on-beagle/

Using Beagle Boards on video-wall proves a handy tool in order to decode video, because of its size and the fact that it consumes very little amount of power.
Beagle Board's decoder can be used to get real-time video stream. Beagle Board is used as a display controller here.

It might be possible to decode video stream from the network.

DRG (Digital Raster Graphics)

2010-02-09T10:32:00.000-08:00

http://topomaps.usgs.gov/drg/
The above image is of 7.5-minute Digital Raster Graphic.
DRGs are topographical images which are ultra high resolution, with a minimum of 250 dots per inch.
Using Beagle Board to process DRG's can be handy tool, because of its size and the fact that it consumes very little power. One way to process DRGs can be break them into tiles, and then joining them together again after processing. Beagle Board's DSP can be used to offload some work needed in order to process DRG's
Several beagle boards can be used with each beagle board processing one tile at a time.

IRC nicks ds2 and av500 were discussing about it
The thread can be found at: http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2010-02-05#T23:28:16

Beagle Board Trainer

2010-01-26T09:52:00.000-08:00

Beagle Board Trainer
http://elinux.org/BeagleBoard_Trainer

This board is an expansion board for Beagle Board and has the following features:

I2C interface(+3.3v or +5v selectable)
SPI(+3.3v)
GPIO's(+3.3v)
large 0.1" prototype matrix and power bus.
Atmega168

Arduino compatiblle
+3.3v or +5v selectable
connected via the second uart to the BeagleBoard

GPIOs on this board can be used as General Input/Output. They can be used in order to run a particular hardware that has no USB, or Serial interface.
Also, this board adds bunch of interfaces to the beagle board.

Android by Embilinux

2010-01-22T10:44:00.000-08:00

Android by Embilinux

http://www.embinux.com/download_file.php?type=beagle

The above link is a download page for Android by Embilinux. Android is a software stack for mobile devices including operating system and key applications. This demo supports input devices (keyboard, mouse), network and sound.

This particular demo image has some neat applications such as web browser, Alarm Clock, Media Gallery.

In order to make one for beagle board.

1) download the required files from the above link and untar them.
2) partitions the SD card : partition 1 - FAT 16 (bootable)
partition 2 - EXT 3
Instructions regarding partitioning the SD card
http://www.sakoman.com/OMAP3/preparing-a-bootable-sd-card.html
3) Mount the partitions
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/card
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /media/disk_ext3
4) Copy the boot files in the FAT 16 partition
$ sudo cp MLO /media/card
$ sudo cp uboot.bin /media/card
$ sudo cp uImage /media/card
5) Copy Android file system in the ext3 partition
$ sudo cp * /media/disk_ext3
6) Boot the SD card
# setenv bootargs console=ttyS2,115200n8 noinitrd root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 video=omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-24@50 init=/init rootfstype=ext3 rw rootdelay=1 nohz=off androidboot.console=ttyS2
# mmc init
# fatload mmc 0 0x80300000 uImage
# bootm 0x80300000
7) Enjoy ! ! !

PixHawk Pioneer

2010-01-22T10:12:00.000-08:00

PIX HAWK by Parrot

http://pixhawk.ethz.ch/blog

The above link is about the EMAV 2009 system : PixHawk Pioneer.
This system is made by the EMAV team. This team is from ETH Zurich.
Their system PixHawk Pioneer enables PixHawk to fly autonomously.
This system uses an OMAP 3530 processor, similar to the BeagleBoard.

This team used the OMAP3530 in order to make a bridge between several sensors they are using and between output servos and speed controller. This team is using airspeed sensor, 3D magnetometer, 3D accelerometer, 3D gyro, highspeed USB 2.0, barometric pressure indicator, temperature sensor.
The OMAP3530 processor is used in order to process the input values from these sensors in order to control servo movements and speed controller commands. As a result, PixHawk Pioneer is electronically controlled.

Beagle Board Codec Engine

2010-01-22T10:06:00.001-08:00

http://ossie.wireless.vt.edu/trac/wiki/BeagleBoard_CodecEngine

The above link has instructions about setting up the Beagle Board Codec Engine.

Codec Engine is necessary in order to make use of onboard TI TMS320C64x+ DSP, which is a DSP on the Beagle Board.
This enables an user to make use of beagle board's DSP in order to decode video and audio.
Using DSP to decode video help to meet real-time playback of a video stream.

The above link also has instructions regarding running some sample applications provided with the files.
It also has instructions about building your own DSP Link file.

AR Drone, by Parrot

2010-01-13T11:05:00.000-08:00

http://ardrone2.parrot.com/parrot-ar-drone/en/how-does-it-work.html#start

The above link has information about AR Drone, which is a flying vehicle made by parrot. It has certain features such as WiFi, which enables it to be controlled from an itouch, or iphone.

Since the guidance system on AR Drone uses Linux, it might be possible to use beagle board for this.
Using beagle board can provide some advantages. AR Drone has 2 cameras for live feed. Since beagle board is capable of producing HD graphics, it might be possible to produce a live HD feed from the cameras. The DSP on the beagle board can be used to encode the live feed and stream it to the viewing device.

Also, beagle board is like a mini-computer, which has many advantages:

Since beagle board is a processor, it might be possible to make an Auto-Pilot system for AR Drone.
Several image processing programs such as edge detection, obstacle recognition can be used in order to prevent AR Drone from colliding.
It might be possible to add an airspeed sensor, altimeter, altimeter which work as input devices for beagle board and can help the AR Drone fly by itself.
In short, beagle board can receive inputs from several sensors such as airspeed sensor, altimeter, and process the data received in order to guide the AR Drone by using commanding its control surfaces and speed controllers.

Beagle Board as USB Mass Storage Device

2010-01-13T10:58:00.001-08:00

http://wh1t3s.com/2009/05/11/beagleboard-as-usb-mass-storage-device-via-usb-otg/

The above link has instructions regarding using the Beagle Board as a USB Mass Storage Device.

This is advantageous over a network file system because it does not need an network connection in order to be used. Also, you don't need to turn the beagle board on and off in order to copy new files to the file system like with an SD card.

Other Boards

2010-01-13T10:40:00.000-08:00

Here are some boards which are similar to that of Beagle Board.

Hawk Board
hawkboard.org

Dual Core SoC
- 300-MHz ARM926EJ-S™ RISC MPU
- 300-MHz C674x VLIW DSP
ARM926EJ-S Core
- 32-Bit and 16-Bit (Thumb®) Instructions
- DSP Instruction Extensions
- Single Cycle MAC
- ARM® Jazelle® Technology
- EmbeddedICE-RT™ for Real-Time Debug
ARM9 Memory Architecture
C674x Instruction Set Features
- Superset of the C67x+™ and C64x+™ ISAs
- 2400/1800 C674x MIPS/MFLOPS
- Byte-Addressable (8-/16-/32-/64-Bit Data)
- 8-Bit Overflow Protection
- Bit-Field Extract, Set, Clear
- Normalization, Saturation, Bit-Counting
- Compact 16-Bit Instructions
C674x Two Level Cache Memory Architecture
- 32K-Byte L1P Program RAM/Cache

This board is capable of producing VGA resolution, and you can even attach a SATA hard drive on this board.

Leopard Board
leopardboard.org

10/100 Ethernet Port
USB 2.0 (can be used to power the board or as expansion)
JTAG and Serial ports for debugging
SD memory card support (also supports SDIO)
Stereo audio In/Out
Expansion connector for customer add-on feature
Composite TV Output
LCD/DVI Interface
Support 720p at 30pfs
VGA Camera board (included)
Support wide range of video resolutions from VGA, 1.3M, 2M, 3M to 5 Mega-pixel CMOS Sensors (High resolution camera boards available seperately)
Royalty-free open source 2A functions

This board has some good expansion features such as camera board.
Also it can be used as an input device for camera, with a beagle board. Basically like a stand-alone camera, with its own video decoder.

Switching Displays

2009-12-14T09:32:00.000-08:00

Display outputs from the beagle board can be switched between DVI-D and S-video.
S-video output can be used to connect the beagle board to a standard TV
DVI-D output can be used for DVI-D monitor or Pico Projector

Instructions regarding switching video outputs between DVI-D and S-video can be found at http://code.google.com/p/beagleboard/wiki/LinuxHints

Win32 Disk Imager

2009-11-30T10:30:00.000-08:00

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

This is a GUI interface program, which can be used in windows in order to read and write images from SD card. It can also be used to write boot images, on a USB drive. This program can save an SD card image in .img format, so that one does not have to repeat the image building process all over again, such as partitioning SD card, coping root files.

Boot images and SD card images are used on the beagle board in order to run demos. Storing images in an SD card is handy. It enables an user to switch demos, by switching the SD card with another with a different image.

Video-Whale Project

2009-11-30T10:23:00.000-08:00

http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/apps/videowhale.html

This project is about video-wall which uses a combined power of GStreamer, and Xinerama. In this project, every group of 4 monitors are controlled by one machine.

Beagle board is easy to transport and it has a capability of a PC. Controlling a group of 4 monitors using beagle board needs less room and is handy. Beagle board is also capable of producing HD graphics.

The same thing might be possible with Bealge Board. On the IRC channel, # bealge, IRC nicks koen, av500, were discussing about it.
The discussion thread can be found at http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-11-23#T13:03:01

Beagle Board Experiments

2009-11-30T10:18:00.000-08:00

http://sites.google.com/site/puppyswebsiteA/Home

The above link is IRC nick, puppy's website. The link has some experiments conducted by puppy on beagle board. One of his experiments is Beagle Board, with external power supply, 4-port USB hubs, µChameleon board, and a audio amplifier.
Audio amplifier is a useful tool in order to improve the quality of the sound output from beagle board, since beagle board does not have its own amplifier.

An OTG switch showed in the above link can be used to switch between beagle board becoming an end device or a server.

One of his experiments also consists of a low acceleration 3 dimensional G-force acceleration sensor, which can be used to make a 3D mouse. The X-axis and Y-axis can be used to move the mouse. The Z-axis can be used to zoom in / zoom out.
One useful application for this experiment can be using beagle board, as a presentation tool because of its 3-dimensional G-force acceleration sensor. For example, presenting a 3D drawing on a projector. This can enable a user to move, rotate, zoom in/out the drawing while presenting instead of going near the computer in order to do these type of operations.

Puppy is focused on using Data Acquisition boards to build and test circuits using a reprogrammable environment. They do not need any spealized kind of environment, so using Beagle Board gives portability.

LED Blink

2009-11-30T10:13:00.001-08:00

http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardOpenOCD#LED_blink_example

Beagle Board has a series of LED lights. Those can be tested using the LED blink test program, which can be found on the link posted above.
It might be possible to create your own LED flashing pattern.
LED flashing pattern can also be used as a status indicator. One way is that it can be used to indicate whether a particular event has occurred such as boot completion. It can also be used to indicate status of a particular resource such as network connection, bluetooth connection, error detection.

One usage I can think of for this LED blink program is that, it enables an user to use a beagle board outdoors without having to use a laptop or a monitor to see whether a particular program is ready or not.

On the IRC channel, # beagle, IRC nicks GrizzlyAdams, Nader, were discussing about it. The thread can be found at http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-11-19#T06:01:50

Realtime Kinematic GPS Receiver

2009-11-19T10:52:00.000-08:00

http://gizmodo.com/5405804/make-your-own-real-time-kinematic-gps-receiver-thats-accurate-to-one-centimeter

Researchers Tomoji Takasu and Akio Yasuda of Tokyo university have made a GPS receiver that is accurate to a centimeter. It displays real time information. They used beagle board as a processor.

On the link posted below, there are also instructions on how to make one yourself
http://gpspp.sakura.ne.jp/rtklib/rtklib_beagleboard.htm

Evtest

2009-11-19T10:37:00.000-08:00

http://wiki.davincidsp.com/index.php/Evtest
The above link has code and instructions for conducting an Evtest.
Evtest is an open source tool, that can be used to test several different HID drivers and devices such as mouse, keyboard, joystick, touchpad.
Evtest can enable a user to test a particular HID device on beagle board.

It enables an user to test a particular HID device thoroughly such as testing all the keys of a USB keyboard or testing all the axes of a USB mouse.

Instructions regarding how to execute and use Ev test are on this link:
http://wiki.davincidsp.com/index.php/Evtest

In the IRC channel # beagle, IRC nicks super, and prpplague were discussing about it.
The discussion thread can be found at:
http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-11-13#T20:11:34

ETech Day Nov. 17th, 2009

2009-11-19T10:13:00.000-08:00

http://wiki.omap.com/index.php/ETechDays_Community_Lightning_Talks

The link above is from TI ETech Days. It has topic covered during the lightning talks on Nov. 17th, 2009 and Aug. 27th, 2009.

Several interesting topics were presented. Some of them are:
Android, Gnome, XBMC, Ubuntu, Leopard board, MontaVista Linux 6, Symbian, Hawk Board.

Evas 3D

2009-11-13T10:35:00.000-08:00

This videos are about evas 3D which can be played on beagle board. The IRC nicks, raster, ds2, and puppy were discussing about it on the IRC channel # beagle.

The disscussion thread can be found at:
http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-11-12#T04:14:18

Evas 3D can be used to demonstrate the graphical capabilities of Beagle Board.

Minicom in Windows

2009-11-13T10:08:00.000-08:00

Minicom can be run on windows. av500, adj, and puppy were talking about it on IRC channel # beagle. They were talking about the set-up needed in order to run minicom in windows.

The discussion thread can be found at:
http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-11-11#T14:28:15

Here are some tips and instructions about using Minicom:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minicom

Arago Project

2009-11-09T10:41:00.000-08:00

http://arago-project.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page

The Arago Project targets TI platforms Omap3 and DaVinci. The main goal of the Arago project is to create a product that would be approached by an experienced embedded developer that is new to the Linux Eco-System. At the same time the Linux savvy developer should be able to see how the system was created and be able to tune, change, or expand upon it. This is an overlay of for OpenEmbedded and Angstrom.

Head Mounted Computer

2009-11-09T10:35:00.000-08:00

http://hackaday.com/2009/10/26/head-mounted-computer/

You can find out more about the gumstix Overo Fire module at http://www.gumstix.com/store/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=227

One of the topics mentioned on the IRC channel # beagle was about using beagle board for head mounted computer. The discussion can be found on this link http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-10-29#T22:18:47

Touch Screen digital dashboard

2009-11-09T10:15:00.000-08:00

This is a video of a touch screen digital dashboard on a bike. In the IRC channel, Quan-Time, the creator of this interface was talking about doing the same thing on beagle board. http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php?date=2009-10-31#T10:23:24

Some equipments used:
1) http://megatunix.sourceforge.net/ Tunning software for gauges
2) http://www.smartvm.com/DVI-D-to-VGA-Converter-P7556.htm DVI-D to VGA convertor.
3) https://www.xenarcdirect.com/product.php?productid=16194 7" touchscreen LCD monitor.

NOTE: Expansion board to install VGA port on beagle board can be found at http://www.beagleboardtoys.com/

Beagle Board Accessories

2009-10-28T10:59:00.000-07:00

These are optional accessories for beagle board

http://www.elinux.org/BeagleBoard_Zippy
This is a modified type of beagle board with internet expansion. one can connect the LAN cable directly to the beagle board instead of using a usb hub. It adds the following to the orignal beagle board:

Battery Backed RTC
Second MMC slot
10BaseT Ethernet
Second RS-232
+5V level I2C
AT24 EEPROM

http://gumstix.com/store/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=195
This is a raw LCD which can be used for the beagle board as a display device. It enables a user to use the beagle board without a monitor or a pico projector. Instructions for attaching a raw LCD panel to beagle board: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardRawLCD

http://www.dealextreme.com/details.dx/sku.3060
This is a rechargeable emergency USB battery back-up that can be used to power the beagle board. In this way, beagle board can be powered without connecting a USB power cable. It can also be used where there is no power outlet nearby such as outdoors.

http://www.cambrionix.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17&Itemid=2
This is a 49-port USB hub that can be used on Beagle Board for using a large number of accessories such as USB keyboard, mouse, wiimote, bluetooth dongle, USB flash drive, USB card reader/writer, External USB hard drive.

Angstrom Demo

2009-10-26T09:48:00.000-07:00

Download Files:
http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/Angstrom-Beagleboard-demo-image-glibc-ipk-2009.X-stable-20090612--beagleboard.rootfs.tar.bz2
http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/MLO
http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/u-boot.bin
http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/uImage-2.6.29-r47-beagleboard.bin
http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/x-load.bin.ift

In order to make Angstrom Image:
1) Insert the sd card in the computer and unmount it auto-mounted
$ sudo umount /dev/sdb
2) Zero out the SD card
$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=822906
3) Start fdisk, and partition
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdc: 2021 MB, 2021654528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 245 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): x
Expert Command (m for help): h
Number of heads (1-256, default xxx): 255
Expert Command (m for help): s
Number of sectors (1-63, default xxx): 63

NOTE: In order to calculate the number of cylinders: 
the number of Bytes on the SD Card (from above) / 255 / 63 / 512


Expert Command (m for help): c
Number of cylinders (1-256, default xxx): [enter the number you calculated]

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e   extended
p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-245, default 1): [(press Enter)]
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-245, default 245): +50

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): c
Changed system type of partition 1 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))

Command (m for help): a
Partition number (1-4): 1
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e   extended
p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (52-245, default 52): [(press Enter)]
Using default value 52
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (52-245, default 245): [(press Enter)]
Using default value 245
Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdc: 2021 MB, 2021654528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 245 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1   *           1          51      409626    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdc2              52         245     1558305   83  Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.

WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.

4) Format the partitions
$ sudo mkfs.msdos -F 32 /dev/sdc1 -n Beagle_Boot
mkfs.msdos 2.11 (12 Mar 2005)
   $ sudo mkfs.ext3 -L Angstrom_Demo /dev/sdc2
mke2fs 1.40-WIP (14-Nov-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
195072 inodes, 389576 blockshttp://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/x-load.bin.ift
19478 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=402653184
12 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16256 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
     32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done                        
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 

5) Unplug, and replug in your SD card, and it should now automount the two partitions that you created.
6) Copy files in the Beagle_Boot partition
   $ sudo cp MLO /media/card/
      $ sudo cp u-boot.bin /media/card/
      $ sudo cp uImage-2.6.29-r47-beagleboard.bin /media/card/uImage
      $ sudo cp x-load.bin.ift /media/card/
7) Untar the file system
   $ sudo tar -xvjf /media/Angstrom_Demo/Angstrom...bz2
8) Unmount the partitions
   $ sudo umount /dev/sdb1
      $ sudo umount /dev/sdb2

Running the demo:
1) start a terminal program: Minicom or Tera Term
2) insert the SD card in the beagle board
3) power on the beagle board
4) stop the auto-boot by pressing Enter
5) type the below commands

mmcinit
fatload mmc 0 0x80200000 x-load.bin.ift
nandecc hw
nand erase 0 80000
nand write.i 0x80200000 0 80000

6) Set the Environment

setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext3 rootwait omapfb.mode=dvi:1024x768MR-16@60'
  FOR PICO: setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext3 rootwait omapfb.mode=dvi:640x480MR-16@60'
setenv bootcmd 'mmcinit; fatload mmc 0 0x80300000 uImage; bootm 0x80300000'
saveenv

7) Boot the SD card
boot

Gnome Demo

2009-10-16T10:03:00.000-07:00

In order to make gnome demo work on beagle board,
1) download the required files from http://www.sakoman.com/component /option,com_phocadownload/Itemid,60/id,1/view,category/
2)Prepare a bootable SD card. Instructions for making a bootable SD card: http://www.sakoman.com/OMAP3/preparing-a-bootable-sd-card.html.

In order to run this demo on Beagle Board:
1)Insert the mmc card in the beagleboard.
2)Connect LCD monitor using a DVI-D cable.
3)Connect the beagle board to a pc using a serial cable, and use minicom to talk to the board.
4)Start Minicom
5)Power on the Beagle Board.
6)Stop the autoboot by pressing any key.
7)Set the environment:
setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait rootfstype=ext3 omapfb.vram=1:4M,2:4M omapfb.mode=dvi:1024x768-16@60'
For Pico Projector: setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait rootfstype=ext3 omapfb.vram=1:4M,2;4M omapfb.mode=dvi:640x480MR-16@60'
setenv bootcmd 'mmcinit; fatload mmc 0 0x80300000 uImage; bootm 0x80300000'
8)boot
9)Enjoy!!!

This Image includes:
1)Gnome root file system
2)Basic system preferences and configuration applets
3)Web browser, email, and chat applications
4)Word processor, spreadsheet, graphics, photo, and PDF viewing applications
5)Media player with DVD playback
6)Gnome games
7)Calculator applet
8)Disk usage analyzer and log file viewing tools
9)Command line package manager (opkg)

Beagle Board Recovery

2009-10-12T12:22:00.001-07:00

These instructions were derived from
1. http://code.google.com/p/beagleboard/wiki/BeagleboardRevCValidation
2. http://www.sakoman.com/OMAP3/preparing-a-bootable-sd-card.html

FIXING BEAGLE BOARD (restore to factory setting)
------------------------------------------------
1) Make a partition in the mmc card. Use these commands. Make sure that you
have unmounted the SD card before continuing.
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sde
Command (m for help): o
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sde: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
64 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 4032 * 512 = 2064384 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00aa8e5c

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

NOTE: In order to calculate the # of cylinders, take the # of bytes reported above and use this formula: 2064384/#ofHeads/#ofSectors/bytes_per_sector and round the result

Command (m for help): x
Expert command (m for help): h
Number of heads (1-256, default 4): 255

Expert command (m for help): s
Number of sectors (1-63, default 62): 63
Warning: setting sector offset for DOS compatiblity

Expert command (m for help): c
Number of cylinders (1-1048576, default 984): 247
Expert command (m for help): r

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-247, default 1): 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-247, default 15): +247M
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): c
Changed system type of partition 1 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))
Command (m for help): a
Partition number (1-4): 1
Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sde: 2032 MB, 2032664576 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 247 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00aa8e5c

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 * 1 5 40131 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x
partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional
information.
Syncing disks.
# sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sde1 -n FAT
mkfs.vfat 2.11 (12 Mar 2005)

2) Download the files listed below and save them to a working directory. For these steps assume /home//temp. NOTE: replace with your user
account.
$ mkdir /home//temp
FILES to Download
1. MLO as MLO
2. u-boot as u-boot.bin
3. u-boot for flash as u-boot-f.bin
4. ramdisk image as ramdisk.gz
5. Kernel (uImage) as uImage.bin
6. reset.scr as boot.scr
7. x-loader image as x-load.bin.ift
8. Regular script file as normal.scr

3) Mount the SD card partition. i.e.
$ sudo mkdir /media/card
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/card

4)Copy the following files in correct order: MLO, u-boot.bin, u-boot-f.bin, ramdisk.gz, uImage.bin, boot.scr, x-load.bin.ift, normal.scr
$ cd /home//temp
$ sudo cp MLO /media/card/
$ sudo cp u-boot.bin /media/card/
$ sudo cp u-boot-f.bin /media/card/
$ sudo cp ramdisk.gz /media/card/
$ sudo cp uImage.bin /media/card/
$ sudo cp boot.scr /media/card/
$ sudo cp x-load.bin.ift /media/card/
$ sudo cp normal.scr /media/card/

5) Un-mount the SD Card
$ cd /media
$ sudo umount /media/card

6) While power is not connected to the beagleboard insert the SD card.

7) Press and hold the USER BUTTON (the one closest to the edge of the board)
and connect the power to the board while still holding the user button.

8) Once the board boots and you see the boot delay you can release the user
button. Continue to let the board boot. The scripts on the SD card
should restore the NAND flash.

9) Once the restore has finished you should be able to power off the
beagleboard, remove the SD card, and power the board back on. You
should see the board boot into u-boot from NAND.

NOTE: I did see some errors when writing the uImage and ramdisk.gz files to the NAND. Inspite of those error messages, beagle board is restored to factory settings.

Additional Resources can be found at:
http://www.elinux.org/BeagleBoardRecovery

FM radio on beagle board

2009-10-06T11:13:00.000-07:00

Beagle Board is connected to FM receiver, Bluetooth adapter, WiFi. This beagle board has android running in it. You can also listen to FM radio on this board.
This image was made by 0xlab
Some info about 0xlab can be found at http://groups.google.com/group/0xlab-discuss?pli=1
0xLab used broadcom 4325 chip with FM radio function and put that chip on their development board connected through a USB cable.

Debug Linux Applications

2009-10-06T10:40:00.000-07:00

http://tiexpressdsp.com/index.php/Linux_Aware_Debug

This link provides help for debugging embedded applications running on a linux environment. This link also talks about different types of debugs such as thread level debug and kernel module debug. It also has help for Code Composer Studio v4, which is a useful tool for debugging TI processors. You can find information on downloading and using CCSv4 for free at http://tiexpressdsp.com/index.php/Category:Code_Composer_Studio_v4.

Online image builder for Angstorm Distribution

2009-09-30T10:57:00.000-07:00

This is a website in which you can make images online for beagle board. just select beagleboard in the Machine section.

http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/narcissus/

writing kernel

2009-09-30T10:07:00.000-07:00

This is an interesting website, which has tutorials about creating kernel patches. The basic approach showed on this link can also be used when working with a git repository, not just kernel.

http://kapare.blogspot.com/2009/09/write-and-submit-your-first-kernel.html

Here is a tutorial regarding the Linux kernel.
http://www.kroah.com/lkn/

Quake 3

2009-09-19T23:30:00.000-07:00

This is an example of how OMAP3 can be very useful for gaming purposes. This video is of quake 3 running on 720p resolution on ISEE IGEP2 platform. In this video, quake 3 is played using a keyboard and a mouse.

nthCode player demo

2009-09-19T18:28:00.000-07:00

This video is of nthcode player running on beagle board. The I did uses a keyboard and mouse instead of a TV remote. Nthcode player demo works on only Revision b beagle board. The demo can be booted from an SD card and videos for this demo can be played from a USB flash drive. The file system of the USB flash drive has to be FAT.

In order to make this demo, I had to:
1) download the image from http://www.nthcode.com/player/player.html
2) prepare a bootable SD card. instructions on http://www.sakoman.com/OMAP3/preparing-a-bootable-sd-card.html
3) download all the boot files (MLO, u-boot, uImage-bb) on the "boot" partition of the SD card.
4) untar the "rootfs" in the "rootfs" partition.
5) Change the bootcmd: setenv bootcmd 'mmc init; fatload mmc 0 0x80300000 uImage-bb; bootm 0x80300000'
6) Change the bootargs:
Pico Projector: setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait rootfstype=ext3 omapfb.vram=1:4M,2:4M omapfb.mode=dvi:640x480MR-16@60'
HD monitor: setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait rootfstype=ext3 omapfb.vram=1:4M,2:4M omapfb.mode=dvi:hd720-24@60'
VGA monitor: setenv bootargs 'console=ttyS2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait rootfstype=ext3 omapfb.vram=1:4M,2:4M omapfb.mode=dvi:640x480-16@60'
7) This demo only plays .flv, .avi and .mp4 videos. And only .mp3 audios.
8) The audio codec of the video I was playing was .aac So I had to change it to .mp3 using "super" http://www.erightsoft.com/SUPER.html
9) If you need to convert your video/audio files you can use the following steps, if not skip to the next step. Download & Install "super" and follow this steps in order to change video in "super"
- Change the output container format to AVI
- For video select the "Stream Copy" option
- For audio make sure the output audio codec is set to mp3
- Click "Encode (Active Files)" button.
- The resulting AVI file can be copied to a USB flash drive and played on nthplayer
10) In order to play video files, insert the flash drive after the demo is running. In the demo, go to sources and you will find the symbol of the flash drive under loca files. Click on that symbol, which will list the videos on the flash drive. Click on the video you want to play.

Beagle Board Begineer

2009-09-16T10:21:00.000-07:00

In order to boot an image on beagle board, first I needed to download that image on a 2GB SD card. Some images are ready, all I need to do is write them on a SD Card. Some are not ready. For them, first I needed to install a partition table in that particular SD card in order to partition the SD card. Then, I needed to make one partition fat32 file system and the other ext3 file system. Then, I downloaded appropriate images on the appropriate partitions I made on the SD card. All I had to do is insert the SD card in beagle board and attach it to a linux pc using a serial cable in order to talk to the board. Some images require changing bootargs. I used minicom to talk to the board. Here are some useful sites, which will help in preparing an image in a SD card and also about tips to use minicom.

For discussions regarding beagle board:
1. http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard?lnk=srg
2. http://beagleboard.org/discuss

For information on creating SD card images:
1. http://www.sakoman.com/OMAP3/preparing-a-bootable-sd-card.html
2. http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardBeginners

Using minicom
1. http://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/Remote-Serial-Console-HOWTO/modem-minicom.html
2. http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardBeginners

Recently Played Demo: I recently played nthcode player demo on beagleboard. I used a HD monitor to run this demo. I am trying to run this on a pico projector.

More information about nthcode player
1. http://www.nthcode.com/player/player.html
2. http://groups.google.com/group/nthcode-player-discussion?lnk=

More interesting images:
1. http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard/browse_thread/thread/3156ba8903dac3f4
2. http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard/browse_thread/thread/416792e2a7155c02
3.http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard/browse_thread/thread/84adc725e44e72fb

You can even find a list of interesting projects from beagle board contest:
http://elinux.org/BeagleBoard/contest#Contest_projects

XBMC on the BeagleBoard

2009-05-13T12:24:00.000-07:00

This video demonstrates the first successful time that XBMC has been able to run on the BeagleBoard. XBMC is short for XBox Media Center. It is a cross-platform freeware media player and is capable of supporting audio, video, playlist, slideshows, and much more. It was formerly used only on the XBox gaming console, but is now available for use with Linux, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows operating systems. XBMC is also network-capable.

Adobe Flash Lite running on BeagleBoard

2009-05-13T11:36:00.000-07:00

This video shows the Angstrom Demo running on the BeagleBoard. The Angstrom demo is running Adobe Flash Lite v3.1 Stand Alone Player. Adobe Flash Lite is a software application intended for mobile devices such as phones and iRiver. It allows said device (in this case the BeagleBoard) to view multimedia content , which previously had only been possible on a personal computer.

Android running on the BeagleBoard

2009-05-11T12:52:00.000-07:00

This is a video of the Android demo running on the BeagleBoard. I myself have not used Android, but from this video, I can recommend it to users of all types, as it looks user-friendly and efficient for all sorts of task. Also, in the last 15 to 20 seconds, the camera shows the BeagleBoard setup, so if you are new to the BeagleBoared and are confused on how to get it set up, I think that you will find this last part of the video to be extremely helpful.

OGRE3D Demonstration

2009-05-07T10:33:00.000-07:00

This is the OGRE3D engine running on the BeagleBoard. It is using the powerVR SGX core of the omap3 and is projecting the output image using a DLP projector. This video is another excellent representation of the BeagleBoards amazing rendering and graphical capabilities.

Discusion of BeagleBoard Capabilities

2009-04-29T10:31:00.000-07:00

This video is pretty much an interview-style discussion about the goals for the BeagleBoard and its many capabilities. Koen and Mans start off by giving a brief overview of what the BeagleBoard is. They then proceed to discuss its potential uses and real-world applications. Lastly, they consider these possibilities and whether or not they have already been attempted and/or are practical enough to be implemented.

BeagleBoard-based Hand-held Computer

2009-04-27T12:30:00.000-07:00

Here is a practical use for the BB as a whole. The idea of a hand held computer has always been intriguing, but with a board as tiny as the BB, it is made possible. It is not like a PSP or Nintendo DS, whose primary function is gaming. The BB has features that allow it to become quite literally a hand-held computer. Even with the restrictions of being placed into this case, none of the original functionality is lost or hindered. All of the inputs and outputs are still readily accessible. This is an excellent way to put the BeagleBoard to an even more practical use.

BeagleBoard Graphics Video

2009-04-23T12:29:00.000-07:00

This video is a very good representation of the graphic potential the BeagleBoard possesses. There is no sound I am afraid, but you can see the excellent graphics and resolution that the BeagleBoard is capable of running.

Video: Laser Input

2009-04-13T11:29:00.000-07:00

Laser Input

The BeagleBoard sends its output image to a large dispay (such as that made by a projector). A laser pointed at this display is used to determine user input. A usb webcam sends the input image it detects to the BeagleBoard, which then locates extreme intensities of red (laser). It then uses the location of this specific intensity to make selections determined by the users input (pointing the laser). It is basically like using a laser-pointer for a mouse.

Video: 3D, Angstrom, and Ubuntu

2009-04-08T11:53:00.000-07:00

Today and from now on I will be reviewing and creating summarizations of BeagleBoard-related videos. Today's review is on the following video:

This video shows two 3-D demos running on the BeagleBoard: The 3-D "evil skull" demo and a real time pixel shading demo. This video also shows the Angstrom demo and Ubuntu demo running on the BeagleBoard. As an added feature, there are speech bubbles that pop up and label the hardware and demos throughout the video. This is a great way for a new user to learn the capabilities of a BeagleBoard.

4/2/09

2009-04-02T11:05:00.000-07:00

[00:41:57] General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) is an interface available on microprocessors and microcontrollers. These devices may have one or more GPIO connections. Each GPIO connection can be used for either reading digital signals (input), or for controlling other devices (output).

[02:47:38] PCIe is an acroynym for Peripheral Component Interconnect Express. It is a computer expansion card standard introduced by Intel in 2004.

3/31/09

2009-02-27T11:08:00.000-08:00

[08:12:15] Omapzoom.org is a development site that provides the resources to take advantage of the OMAP 3 Processor. Not only does this site provide information on the OMAP 3 harware, but it also hosts several software repositories.

2/25/09

2009-02-25T12:41:00.000-08:00

[07:44:25] SuperCollider is a programming language used for real time audio synthesis. SuperCollider is often used for acoustic research, algorithmic music, and interactive programming.

[07:43:59] Floating-points are systems for numeric representation where a string of digits represent a rational number. It refers to the fact that a decimal point can float (be placed anywhere relative to the significant digits of the number). The speed of floating-point operations is measured in FLOPS and is important in measuring the performance of a computer in many application domains.

2/17/09

2009-02-17T12:04:00.000-08:00

[10:23:05] DDR signaling means double Data Rate signaling.

[10:25:30] DM320 is a system on a chip created by Texas Instruments.

2/13/09

2009-02-13T10:32:00.000-08:00

[00:50:12]The Object-Oriented Graphics Rendering Engine (OGRE) is a flexible 3D rendering engine written in C++. It is used to make it easier for developers to produce applications that use hardware-accelerated 3D graphics. OGRE is free software.

[02:55:20] Ccache is a free software tool that speeds up compiling time by caching the output of C/ C++ compilation, allowing the compilation to be omitted for the next time.

[03:07:47] TeraTerm is am open source free communication program for Microsoft Windows. It supports telnet SSH 1 and 2 Serial port connections. It also has a built in Macro scripting language and other useful plugins. From 2007 to present, Tera Term has been maintained by Tera Term Project as an open source software. The latest versions of Tera Term are compatiable with Windows 98 and higher.

2/9/09

2009-02-09T11:21:00.000-08:00

[14:44:21] A commit is the framework of revisions made for source codes. It is like an update or a patch. When changes are made to a source code, a commit is issued to keep others updated and/or allow them to perform new functions or to preform old functions more efficiently. A commit with version control systems is less probable to cause trouble, as it allows "rolling back". This is similar to the "undo" function found in most word processors and games.

2/5/09

2009-02-05T10:46:00.000-08:00

[02:03:56] Sysfs is a virtual file system supplied by Linux 2.6. It is responsible for exporting information about devices and drivers from the kernel device model to the userspace. It can also be used for configuration. [03:11:42] UnionFS is a filesystem service for FreeBSD and Linux. It incorporates a union mount for other file systems and allows branches to be transparently overlaid, forming a single, reliable file system. A union mount allows several different file systems to be mounted simultaneously.

1/3/09

2009-02-03T12:07:00.000-08:00

[03:13:15] According to ds2, rotating media uses up a lot of battery power. [03:10:35] In this case, HDD stands for Hard Disk Drive, which is a type of rotating media. HDD can also stand for High Definition Display. High Definition video refers to any video system with a higher resolution than that of the standard-definition video.

[03:13:40] A solid-state driver (SSD) is a device that stores persistent data by utilizes solid-state memory. An SSD mimics a hard disk drive interface, thereby replacing it in most applications.

1/29/09

2009-01-30T12:35:00.000-08:00

[08:39:22] Apparently imgtec is short for Imagination Technologies. Imagination Technologies (formerly known as VideoLogic) has a branch called PowerVR that creates both hardware and software intellectual property for 2D and 3D rendering.

It also creates these intellectual property for video encoding, decoding, and associated image processing. PowerVR SGX is a pixel, vertex, and geometry shader hardware.

1/26/09

2009-01-26T12:10:00.000-08:00

[05:22:10] GPIO is an acroynym that stands for General Purpose Input/ Output.

GPIOs are often placed into groups of 8 pins. In some cases, GPIOs may use Direct Memory Access in order to move large amounts of data in an efficient manner.

[05:31:29] PCI stands for Peripheral Component Interconnect and is a commonly used interface. Typical PCI cards used in PCs include: sound cards, USB/Serial ports, and other such hardware. The PCI Local Bus (often referred to as PCI), is used for attaching hardware devices in a computer such as a planar device (an Integrated Circuit that is mounted onto the motherboard), or an expansion card.

BeagleBoard Contest

2009-01-20T12:28:00.000-08:00

The first ever BeagleBoard design contest has ended. The top 2 winners recieved a BeagleBoard Rev C1 as their prize. The BeagleBoard revision C1 has a working USB HOST and the newest OMAP3 silicon revision. The winners are recieving their boards 2 month before it is made publically available by DigiKey, in March of 2009.

The winning design was the BeagleBot, which essentially dodged walls and obstacles. The projects entered into the contest can be found at http://elinux.org/BeagleBoard/contest. This cite also provides information on the contest, judging criteria, and judging results.

The second contest's dates have not yet been decided on, but it is said that the deadline will be no earlier than February 12th, 2009. We encourage everybody to enter a project in the next contest. I look forward to seeing all of your creative and innovative designs.

12/11-12/08

2008-12-12T11:31:00.000-08:00

[09:01:26] The SRM firmware, also referred to as the SRM console, is the boot firmware for computer systems based on the Alpha AXP microprocessor. The acronym SRM originated form the phrase Alpha System Reference Manual. The SRM console is capable of display on either a graphical adapter or a serial connection to a VT100-compatible terminal.

In the context of Beagle, the SRM refers to the System Reference Manual as was written by Gerald Coley and shared at http://beagleboard.org/static/BBSRM_latest.pdf.

[09:07:51] A .tar file (Commonly referred to as a tarball) is usually compressed to save disk space. Tar (derived from tape archive) is both a file format and the name of the program used for handling tar files. It is commonly used to assemble collections of files into one larger file, while maintaining file system information.

12/8-10/08

2008-12-10T11:09:00.000-08:00

[13:49:16] PowerVR is a branch of Imagination Technologies. They develops hardware and software intellectual properties for 2D and 3D rendering, video encoding, decoding, and other related image processing. The PowerVR technology is aimed towards the low-power industry and can be found in many mobile devices.

[12:53:42] Crofton defined ML as "mail list" on December 10th, 2008.

Update

2008-12-08T12:53:00.000-08:00

From this point forward, I will name my post based on the days of the corresponding IRC logs, not the day that I create my post.

For Example: Instead of naming todays post 12/08/08 I will name it 12/06/08, because I am reviewing December 6th's IRC log.

12/06/08

2008-12-08T11:02:00.000-08:00

[05:47:15] A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is commonly used for mass production purposes. It supports and connects electronic components by using conductive pathways etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. It may also be refered to as a printed wiring board (PWB) or etched wiring board. A PCB populated with electronic components is a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA).

[17:07:59] There have been people who have had a touch screen working with the BeagleBoard.

[12:22:17] A QFN (Quad Flat No leads) is an integrated circuit (IC) package used on printed circuit boards. The package comes with an exposed thermal pad that increases thermal preformance by providing an efficient heat transfer path when soldered directly to the PCB.

[15:37:13] Koen said on 12/6/08 that the best way to use dsp through gstreamer is by using the CE gstreamer plugins.

Beagle IRC questions: Answered

2008-11-19T10:25:00.000-08:00

This is my first of many post to come regarding unanswered questions on the BeagleBoard IRC logs. The format will be as follows:

[link] answer and info.
-name-

* The link will be the reference to the question or issue. The "-name-" will be reserved for the person who answered the question/provided the information.

[18:16:02] Some SD cards do not work because the Beagle is 3Volts and some cards want 3.3Volts, even though 3Volts is within specs.

-Gerald Coley-

Also, some of the less expensive SD cards at Fry's (Patriot brand) have been known to have trouble booting. It seems that MicroCenter house brand cards work better.

-Bernie Thompson-

Sometimes faulty SD cards work if you reformat the SD card and recopy the information.
-Gerald Coley-

[19:32:11] Opkg error 2 occurs when there is either a network connection issue or a spelling error.

-Jason Kridner-

[08:02:49] If a RX line on beagleboard is having hardware problems, then RMA is the only way to fix it. You can check if it is bad by following the diagnostic page on the wiki.
-Gerald Coley-

[08:10:47] If you test the serial connection on the BeagleBoard and nothing echos in the terminal, then follow the test in the Rev B5 System Reference Manual. It will show you how to make sure that everything is correct, including your cables.

-Gerald Coley-

[11:30:38] TP22 is a test point that allows you to use a scope to see the RX signal from the level shifter to the serial port. You can find it by tracing the signals found in the layout files or by looking in the System Reference Manual's figure 78.

-Gerald Coley-

[14:42:21] [14:47:36] If the RX line of rs232 suddenly stops working, the TX line continues to work, and you are unable to send anything via the serial port, then it could mean that the level shifter has failed. To fix it you will need to request an RMA to get the board repaired. Further explanation and information can be found in the BeagleBoard Errata.
-Gerald Coley-

[18:16:42]Options for POP memory to go ontop of an OMAP include Elpida, Numonyx, Samsung, Qimonda, and Hynix depending on what is being looked for.

-Gerald Coley-

[18:17:10]Micron information is easily available. You can also contact Mr. Coley at gerald@beagleboard.org . Micron is working on a public website and it should be up soon.
-Gerald Coley-

[12:13:30] The BeagleBoard does not have a back-up battery for the clock calendar. More detail can be found in the System Reference Manual.
-Gerald Coley-

[11:57:32] ID pins must be grounded in order for the USB OTG to go into host mode.

-Gerald Coley-

[17:01:56] There is a free OrCAD viewer you can use to that allows clear, magnified reading of the BeagleBoard schematics. Otherwise you can contact Gerald at gerald@beagleboard.org and he can provide you with the PDF files.
-Gerald Coley-

[21:49:09] Some possibilties for PoP capable maufacturers include DDI, MEI, and Streamline.

-Gerald Coley-

[03:11:51] On some Rev B4s, epoxy may be found on the U9 chip (it may be easily mistaken as a burnt out chip). The epoxy was used in an attempt to help fix the U9/U11 issue, but was unsucessful. Such Rev B4s may not boot properly. If this is the case, follow the RMA process, send it back for repair, and it will be fixed.

-Gerald Coley-

[20:42:44] A beagleboard can NOT provide 1080P. 720P is the most that the BeagleBoard can support.
-Gerald Coley-

11/04/2008

2008-11-17T10:26:00.000-08:00

[18:55:26] Rev C beagleboards have not yet been released.

10/24/2008

2008-11-11T12:38:00.000-08:00

[15:33:02]"strace" stands for "system call trace". [17:57:35]OMAP3 includes an ARM Cortex-A8 which uses the ARMv7 instruction set. OMAP3 is not ARM 11 based. ARM11 is the previous generation of ARM processors and uses the ARMv6 instruction set. The ARM Cortex-A8 is capable of running all ARMv6 instructions as well as ARMv7 instructions which provide some memory savings advantages without any significant loss in performance. The ARM Cortex-A8 is the first super-scalar ARM and is capable of executing 2 instructions per clock cycle.

10/20/08

2008-11-03T10:28:00.000-08:00

[03:56:39] emeb_mac stated that not all DSPs are vector-based. [04:21:12] Emeb_mac also stated that FEC stands for Forward Error Connection. [13:41:00] Crofton said that cmem is the thing that allocates contiguous memory.

FYI: BeagleBoard IRC channel

2008-10-30T12:01:00.000-07:00

The entire IRC logs are questions and answers. Most of the questions are troubleshooting. Occasionally, nobody is able to help the person or answer the question. Rarely is the case when a troubleshooting problem is not solved. Most unanswered questions are request for information (ex. Has such-and-such been made?) or a request for experience-oriented help (ex. Has anybody worked with the angstrom demo and tried such –and-such). There are still a lot of unanswered questions, but most of these questions are left unresponsive. Sometimes, when a person’s question has no response they ask again later, and get an answer, which leads me to believe that nobody on the channel saw the question when it was first posted. This is where the bulk of the unanswered questions come from.

10/17/08 - 10/18/08

2008-10-30T10:11:00.000-07:00

[18:15:39] BThompson pointed out that the difference between a mini-A USB and a mini-B USB, is that the mini-A has angled edges on the bottom, whereas the mini-B has a square edge on the bottom. Also, mini-B is able to work in "client mode". Mini-A would cause the client mode to fail.

[02:52:17] Nathanm mentioned that some monitors are picky about frequencies, and may be responsible for an error message "mode not supported". [15:25:53] According to mru, X-loader is responsible for loading U-boot and the "ROM loader loads X-loader into sram. X-loader can then set up dram and load U-boot there." [15:28:23] Contrary to what the IRC log says, IVA stands for Interaction Value Analysis. It is a mathmatical model of orginizational behavior. For more information see http://code.google.com/p/beagleboard/wiki/BeagleRelatedTerminology?ts=1224532762&updated=BeagleRelatedTerminology. Additionally, IVA can also stand for the imaging and video accelerator block that includes the C64x+ DSP in the OMAP35x applications processors.

10/15/08 - 10/17/08

2008-10-28T10:52:00.000-07:00

[17:35:10] A Segmentation Fault (SegFault) is an error that can occur durring the operation of computer software. It occurs when a program attempts to access a memory location in a non-permissible way, or when it is not allowed to be accessed. [07:40:53] Kulve explained on October 16th, that ES3.0 is an engineering sample usually of the CPU. It is basically a version number of the chip.

[14:14:30] Duke Nukem is the name of a game series. This series includes Duke Nukem, Duke Nukem II, and Duke Nukem 3D. The first two Duke Nukem's were platform-games. The first Duke Nukem was a sidescroller for the GameBoy Color. Duke Nukem 3D, is a first person shooter computer game and is the third game of the series.

10/14/08

2008-10-24T10:52:00.000-07:00

[16:55:28] VLC is a portable multimedia player, encoder, & streamer that supports a audio/video codecs and file formats. It was the first player to support playback of encrypted DVD's on Linux. VLC includes a large number of free encoding/decoding libraries.
[16:58:04] MMC is a type of removable flash storage device. MMC can also be Microsoft Management Console, a component of Windows 2000 and Windows NT that allows system administrators to configure and monitor the system.

[16:58:04]MLC (stands for Multi-Level Cell) is a memory element capable of storing more than one bit of information. MLC NAND flash uses multiple levels per cell, allowing more bits to be stored. This differs from SLC NAND (Single-Level Cell), which uses only one level per cell. Most MLC NAND stores four states per cell (the four states yield 2 bits of information per cell).

10/13/08

2008-10-22T11:27:00.000-07:00

On Monday, I created a Wiki page for terminology commonly used and found within the IRC channel and BeagleBoard set-up. Here is the link: http://code.google.com/p/beagleboard/wiki/BeagleRelatedTerminology

[14:14:38] Until recently, most people on the IRC channel were copying and pasting the user name of whom they were trying to reply to. They found out on October 13th that if type in the first letter of the user name and press tab, it does the job for you. [21:26:05] gcohler provided that TWL4030 was an original part, which was recently upgraded to TWL5030. Therefore most things still have TWL4030. A compatible device to the TWL5030, called the TPS65950, will be offered to customers at all volume levels.

10/12/08

2008-10-16T10:23:00.000-07:00

[06:46:48] An Enhanced Host Controller Interface (EHCI) is a high-speed controller standard that only provides USB 2.0 functions. It needs a "companion controller" (OHCI or UHCI) to use USB 1.1 devices. [10:36:49] Kulve recommends the 2007q3 compiler for beginners. [12:08:06] HW is short for "hardware".

SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) is a technique used in achieving data level parallelism, as in a vector processor. [12:34:01] SSE (Streaming SIMD Extensions) is a SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture. The x86 archetecture was introduced in Intel's Pentium III series processors in the year 1999. SSE contains 70 new instructions.

[15:16:09] An integrated development environment (IDE) is a software application designed to maximize programmer productivity by providing tightly-knit components with similar user interfaces. [21:16:14] Felipec stated that"One advantage of c++ is that the templating system pretty much act as macros, and in that sense the resulting code can be more optimal than C code... but c++ projects usually get insanely abstract".

10/09/08

2008-10-14T10:32:00.000-07:00

[05:48:04] "ISDN" is an acroynym for Integrated Services Digital Network or Isolated Digital Network. It is a circuit-switched telephone network system network that, unlike the classic telephone system, integrates speech and data on the same lines.

10/08/08

2008-10-10T13:35:00.000-07:00

Well, today was a very busy day! I did not get hardly any time to review the logs, but this is what I was able to accomplish today...

[00:12:20] IVA (Interaction Value Analysis) is used to model organizations using 1-on-1 interactions between the members as a proxy for all value-adding activities in the organization. The IVA approach can be combined with Game Theory. Game Theory is a branch of applied mathematics (commonly used in social sciences, biology, engineering, etc.) that attempts to capture behavior in strategic situations where an individuals success in making choices is dependent on the choices of others.

IVA would typically mean the imaging and video accelerator in the OMAP35x on this channel.

[00:20:14] OS stands for Operating System. An operating system (software component of a computer) is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the computer resources.

10/07/08

2008-10-08T10:40:00.000-07:00

[05:21:12] A BeagleBoard is "bricked" when it no longer boots in its routine way. Nathanm placed a link to a page that explains how to recover ("unbrick") a broken BeagleBoard. This is a great advantage of the BeagleBoard, since most closed systems and some open systems cannot be easily recovered once they are "bricked". [06:32:06] Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) was originally designed for printed circuit boards, though it is now primarily used for accessing sub-blocks of integrated circuits and debugging embedded systems. The JTAG interface also allows device programmer hardware to transfer data into internal non-volatile device memory.

[09:58:16] "memcpy" is one of many C functions. [10:02:06] xv is a shareware program responsible for displaying and modifying digital images under the X Window System. xv can be run from either a command line or a graphical interface. [11:52:04] wxPython (a free software) is a cross-platform wrapper for the Python programming language.

[12:11:39] GNU Radio, now an official GNU project, is a free software toolkit for learning about, building, and deploying software-defined radio systems. The GNU radio is a signal processing package intended to give ordinary software people the ability to utilize the electromagnetic spectrum. [12:53:13] The Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) is a high-speed USB-based board used to make software radios. It is intended to be a relatively inexpensive hardware device with an open design and free software to be integrated with the GNU Radio. It's design provides the flexibility for developers to make their own daughterboards for specific needs.

09/19/08

2008-10-06T10:20:00.000-07:00

[11:10:42] glibc (a common free and open-source software component) is the C standard library released by the GNU Project. [11:11:30] The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a set of compilers produced for various programming languages by the GNU project. The GCC is a key component of the GNU toolchain and is the official compiler of the GNU system. It is the standard compiler for most modern Unix-like computer operating systems. GCC is also available for most embedded platforms including the Playstation and Sega Dreamcast.

[11:26:24] VMware Player is a free virtualization software package that allows the user to run guest virtual machines(VMs). Freeware tools and websites are used for creating VMs and mounting, manipulating, and converting VMware disks & floppies, allowing the user to create, run, & maintain virtual machines. VMware also sells (non-free) tools for manipulating and hosting (running and maintaining) virtual machines.

09/16/08 - 09/18/08

2008-10-02T10:04:00.000-07:00

[03:30:14] FFmpeg is a computer program that can record, convert, and stream digital audio and video in different formats. It is a command line tool that is made up of open source libraries.
[03:35:30] I also learned that LPC is a programming language. It is object-oriented and originated from C, placing it in the family of C-like programming languages. It has also evolved into the Pike programming language, which is used for various internet services, multimedia apps., and system admin task. The abbreviation LPC stands for "Lars Pensjo C", derived from the original developer, Lars Pensjo. LPC is also the Linux Plumber's Conference and several of the BeagleBoard.org community people were there at the event in Portland, OR (PDX) this year.

[19:07:22] As embarrassing as it is to admit, up until today, I believed that "git" was one of those mean name-callings. I saw it quite a bit in the IRC logs. [14:54:03] However, git is actually a software source code management project. It is known for it's speediness and was created for Linux kernel development. Many high-profile software projects (Linux kernel, X.org server, etc.) use Git for revision control. I feel so smart right now...

[21:50:17] PLD stands for Programmable Logic Device. It is an electronic component used to build reconfigurable digital circuits. A PLD differs from a logic gate as it has an undefined function at the time of manufacture, whereas the logic gate has a fixed function. Before the PLD can be used in a circuit it has to be programmed.

09/13/08 - 09/16/08

2008-09-30T10:41:00.000-07:00

[08:22:56] Thumb mode is a mode on ARM processors that allows improved code-density. [08:22:45] 'cmp' is a command line program for Unix operating systems. It compares two files and writes the results to the standard output. Standard output is a stream where a program writes it's output data. It is the text terminal that initiates a program. [19:20:46] Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS) is used to manage storage systems under Linux.

[00:31:55] LHC stands for Large Hadron Collider, the worlds highest-energy particle accelerator with the purpose of colliding with opposing beams of protons or lead (two types of hadrons) at up to 99.99% the speed of light. It is used to test various predictions of high-energy physics. [19:21:51] International Building Code (IBC) is a model building code developed by ICC. A model building code develops and maintains a standard organization independent of jurisdiction responsible for enacting it. IBC is also a trade show were several BeagleBoard.org community members participated.

[08:31:36] Koen mentioned on 9/16/08 that "...angstrom supports uclibc and eglibc, so it adds the libc-type in the directory tree".

09/12/08 - 09/13/08

2008-09-25T10:33:00.000-07:00

[01:41:47] ARM Cortex-A9 will have a fully pipelined VFPv3. The A9 has not been shipped yet. [03:47:11] MLO is an X-loader on an SD card. [03:07:43] Often referred to as a NAND operation in Boolean algebra and digital electronics, alternate denial states that at least one of its operands is false. NAND is an abbreviation for "not and". NAND also refers to a type of high-density flash storage device that utilizes that type of logic gate.

I have noticed that "VFAT" shows up a lot in the IRC logs. FAT stands for File Allocation Table and is a computer file system architecture developed by Bill Gates and Marc McDonald. It is the primary file system for many operating systems, including Microsoft Windows. VFAT is an extension to FAT for long file names. It is also known as "Virtual FAT". The VFAT driver appeared before Windows 95.

[00:16:34] ALSA stands for Advanced Linux Sound Architecture. It is a Linux kernel component intended to provide device drivers for sound cards. An ALSA driver is simply a sound device driver. [00:17:06] OSS is an abbreviation for Open Sound System, a standard interface for making and capturing sound in Unix operating systems. It is also sometimes refers to the software in a Unix kernel that provides its interface. In such a scenario, the OSS can be considered a device driver or collection of device drivers for sound controller hardware.

[01:32:06] McBSP is the synchronous serial port on the OMAP's. It is used to generate the I2S stream for the CODEC. McBSP is an acronym for Multi-Channel Buffered Serial Port. [06:53:46] Texas Instrument's Zoom is an MDK (Mobile Development Kit). It has a nice display/ touch screen panel and controller. It also has a built in stereo speakers and a 3.1 megapixel camera. Very spiffy.

09/09/08 - 09/10/08

2008-09-23T11:01:00.000-07:00

[03:36:06]OMAP2 and OMAP3 can run ARM and DSP together. IVA2.2 is the Imaging, Video, and Audio accelerator sub-system, used in OMAP35x. [11:17:53] Quetoo is OpenGL only. Polymide is an orange, high temperature plastic tape that does not get melted by solder. It is used frequently as a heat shield and an insulator. It is more commonly known as kapton tape. [00:31:03] I learned that there are no royalty fees for the Beagle Board. [00:32:41] I also learned that the Beagle Board is meant more for learning OMAP, versus it being used to build systems.

[07:41:43] Angstrom uses opkg. opkg is a lightweight package managment sysem based off of Ipkg. The upgrade includes (but is not limited to) the ability to re-organize and clean up source codes into sub directories, mark auto-installed packages, and contains an additional command line for the purpose of removing "auto installed" packages. [09:01:19] Bitbake makes its packages by using ipkg-build(package). Even so, both packages are the same, regardless of whether or not it uses opkg or ipkg in the root.

Introduction

2008-09-05T20:25:00.000-07:00

Hello. My name is Ashley Raines and I am an intern at Texas Instruments. I will be working with the Beagleboard and its clients. I expect to post something new every day that I work at TI, in regards to what I have learned.

09/05/08 - 09/08/08

2008-09-05T12:13:00.000-07:00

9/5/08 IRC logs
By viewing this day's log, I learned that to connect a Beagle Board a null modem cable and IDC10 to DB9 an AT/Everex adapter is required. I also learned that the IDC10 adapter has a black female connector on one end which is used to connect to the Beagle Board. The other end of the adapter is a DB9 male adapter connected to a metal bracket. A picture can be found at http://www.pccables.com/07120.htm.

9/6/08 IRC logs
I found out that the Beagle Board is far more affordable than others of its kind on the market. I learned that you can compile kernels on the device, as long as there is enough room available. The Beagle Board is what people use to start "projects". It is essentially a little ARM computer. It has the storage, RAM, CPU, and graphics card, all in one.

9/7/08 IRC logs
Digi-Key is not out of stock with Beagle Board and should be receiving approximately 200 boards per week. It is recommended to get a 5V power supply for the board and a serial adapter and cable. The Beagle Board has OMAP3530 ES2.1, not an ES 2.2, as believed on the IRC channel ([09:51:13]).

There is an Ubuntu port for the Beagle Board ([09:49:31]). There is no arm7v version of Ubuntu ([09:48:57]).

FFmpeg uses the NEON SIMD unit and handles a lot of video codecs ([09:34:27]). Fmod is not an opensource, therefore it does not run on Linux. It does however run on xbox, ps, and power pc (older mac). Beagle Board is popular in the handhelds! ([10:19:03])

([10:10:09]) The desktop manager and Linux kernel requires 30MB of RAM when idling at the desktop. However, you can change the Windows Manager to something lighter, and then the memory would suffice for a virtual reality chat.
[10:14:50] Opengl es driver (for 3d support) is expected to be available at the end of the year.

9/8/08 IRC logs
My boss plays hockey.
[03:14:08] Apparently, attempting a daughter board on top of the Beagle Board does not work out so well, and would be better if it were on the bottom or sitting off to the side connected by a ribbon cable.
[03:14:11] JRC stands for JTAG Route Controller.